What type of queries can be generated using macros in Splunk?

Macros in Splunk are powerful tools that allow users to define reusable segments of search queries, making it easier to write complex queries that can be applied across different search scenarios. When using macros, you can create a query that encapsulates a series of Splunk commands or functions, enabling you to execute that logic with a simple macro reference in future searches. This is particularly useful for complex queries that are needed repeatedly, as it saves time and reduces the likelihood of errors from manually rewriting the same query multiple times.

By employing macros for complex queries, Splunk users can streamline their workflows, promote consistency in the queries being executed, and enhance overall efficiency when analyzing data across different contexts. This feature caters perfectly to scenarios where specific metrics or datasets require consistent analysis, thus making macros an essential tool for Splunk administrators and power users alike.

Other options provided do not capture the essence of what macros can accomplish. Macros are not limited to simple arithmetic or SQL-like queries, nor are they specifically designed for real-time streaming queries. Instead, their primary function lies in facilitating the reusability of complex searches, making option C the most appropriate choice.